Portugal

Portugal was founded in 1143, year of the Zamora’s Treaty signing. The treaty, agreed upon by D. Afonso Henriques, the first King of Portugal, and Alphonse the VII of León and Castile, recognized Portugal as an independent kingdom. In 1179 that status was confirmed by Pope Alexander the III.

Portugal Independence Day is December 1st when it broke away from Spain in 1668.

Freedom Day (Dia de Liberdade) began on April 25th, 1974 celebrating the end of a dictatorship and war in the colonies. Portugal became part of the European Union in 1986. 

Geography: 92,090 sq km (35,560 sq mi) of which 91,470 sq km (35,320 sq mi) is land and 620 sq km (240 sq mi) water.